《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(1): 25-35
通信作者：胡凤荣；E-mail: 胡凤荣(hufengrong2003@sina.com)、张秀新(zhangxiuxin@caas.cn)。# 并列第一作者。
摘 要：
非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)是参与植物能量代谢的主要能量物质, 是维持植物自身发育及响应环境调控的重要因子, 主要包括单糖、二糖、糖醇、低聚糖和淀粉等。不同NSC成员之间存在相互转化, 其代谢和转化由激素和不同环境因子共同调控, 其中激素是主导因子。目前NSC的测定方法主要有滴定法、比色法、酶解法、色谱法等, 其中色谱法精度高, 可同时进行定性和定量分析, 目前应用最为广泛。NSC的转运需要糖转运蛋白参与, 主要包括单糖转运蛋白(MST)、蔗糖转运蛋白(SUT)和糖外排转运蛋白(SWEET)三类, 其中MST和SUT分别负责对各类单糖和蔗糖进行转运, 而SWEET既可以对多种单糖进行转运, 也参与了蔗糖的运输过程。本文对NSC相关的代谢、定性定量分析及转运调控等基本规律及最新研究进行了总结, 以为更好地明确NSC在植物生长发育及环境调控方面的作用和调节机理提供参考。关键词：非结构性碳水化合物; 定性定量分析; 代谢调控; 糖转运蛋白; 蔗糖
收稿：2017-08-11 修定：2017-12-27
资助：北京市科委重大项目(D161100001916004)、国家自然科学基金(31572156和31501800)、青年人才托举工程项目(2015QRNC001)、国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203071)和中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAASASTIP-IVFCAAS)。
Corresponding author: HU Feng-Rong; E-mail: 胡凤荣(hufengrong2003@sina.com)、张秀新(zhangxiuxin@caas.cn)。# 并列第一作者。
Abstract:
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), composed of monosaccharide, disaccharide, sugar alcohol, oligosaccharide, starch, etc., is the major energy substance in plant energy metabolism and the important factor in maintaining plant self-development and responding to environmental regulation. There exist transformations among the components of NSC and those metabolism and transformations are collectively regulated by different environmental factors, while hormone is the dominant factor. At present, the main assay methods of NSC include titration, colorimetric method, enzymatic hydrolysis and chromatography, while chromatography is the widely used one for its high accuracy and combinative use of qualitative and quantitative analysis at the same time. NSC transport depends on sugar transporters, which mainly include the monosaccharide transporters (MST), sucrose transporter (SUT) and sugar efflux transporter (SWEET). MST and SUT are responsible for the transport of various monosaccharide and sucrose, while SWEET can transfer both monosaccharide and sucrose. The present review summarizes the metabolism of NSC and its relevant qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as basic rule of transport regulation based on the latest research with the purpose of providing more reference for later researchers on NSC of plant growing development and environmental regulating mechanism.Key words: non-structural carbohydrates; qualitative and quantitative analyses; metabolism regulation; sugar transporters; sucrose
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